铁水脱硫已成为现代无缝异型管等钢铁工业优化工艺流程的重要手段，是提高钢质量、扩大品种的主要措施。早期的铁水脱硫方法有很多，发展至今天主要采用的是KR搅拌法及喷枪插入铁水中的喷吹法。铁水预处理，主要是指铁水在进入转炉之前的脱硫处理。广义的铁水预处理是指包括对铁水脱硫、脱硅、脱磷的三脱处理，另外还有特殊铁水的预处理。铁水脱硫是二十世纪70年代发展起来的铁水处理工艺技术，它已成为无缝异型管厂家优化工艺流程的重要组成部分。无缝异型管铁水脱硫，主要有以下七个优点：
Hot metal desulfurization has become an important means to optimize the technological process of modern seamless special-shaped pipe and other iron and steel industry, and is the main measure to improve the quality of steel and expand the variety. There are many early desulphurization methods for hot metal. Today, KR stirring method and spray gun insertion method are mainly used. Hot metal pretreatment mainly refers to the desulfurization treatment of hot metal before it enters the converter. In a broad sense, hot metal pretreatment includes three kinds of hot metal desulfurization, desilication and dephosphorization, as well as special hot metal pretreatment. Hot metal desulfurization is a hot metal treatment technology developed in the 1970s. It has become an important part of seamless special-shaped pipe manufacturers to optimize the process flow. The hot metal desulfurization by seamless special-shaped pipe has the following seven advantages: （一）铁水中的碳、硅能大大提高铁水中硫的活度系数，改善脱硫的热力学条件，使硫较易脱致较低的水平；
(1) Carbon and silicon in molten iron can greatly increase the activity coefficient of sulphur in molten iron, improve the thermodynamic conditions of desulphurization, and make sulphur easier to be desulphurized to a lower level;
（二）无缝异型管铁水处理温度低，使耐火材料及处理装置的寿命比较高；
(2) The low temperature of hot metal treatment for seamless special-shaped pipes makes the service life of refractories and treatment devices longer.
（三）铁水炉外脱硫的过程中铁水成份的变化，比炼钢或钢水炉外处理过程中钢水成份的变化对最终的钢种成份影响小；
(3) The change of hot metal composition in the process of desulfurization outside the hot metal furnace has less influence on the final steel composition than that in the process of steelmaking or treatment outside the hot metal furnace.
（四）铁水中含有大量的硅、碳和锰等还原性的元素，在使用各种脱硫剂时，脱硫剂的烧损少，利用率高，有利于脱硫；
(4) The molten iron contains a large amount of reducing elements such as silicon, carbon and manganese. When using various desulfurizers, the desulfurizer has less burning loss and high utilization rate, which is beneficial to desulfurization.
（五）可以减轻高炉负担，降低焦比，减少渣量和提高无缝异型管生产率，也使转炉也不必为脱硫而采取大渣量高碱度操作；
(5) It can lighten the burden of blast furnace, reduce coke ratio, reduce slag volume and improve productivity of seamless profiled tube, and also make converter not need to adopt large slag volume and high basicity operation for desulfurization.
（六）铁水中含氧量较低，提高渣铁中硫的分配系数，有利于无缝异型管脱硫；
(6) Oxygen content in molten iron is low, so increasing the distribution coefficient of sulphur in slag iron is beneficial to seamless special-shaped tube desulphurization.
（七）铁水脱硫的费用低，如在高炉、转炉、炉外精炼装置中脱除一公斤硫，其费用分别是铁水脱硫的2.6、16.9和6.1倍。
(7) The cost of desulfurization of hot metal is low. For example, the cost of desulfurization of hot metal in blast furnace, converter and off-furnace refining unit is 2.6, 16.9 and 6.1 times higher than that of desulfurization of hot metal, respectively.
